Peripheral vertigo: Diagnosis and treatment Vertigo is a common problem that affects many people. There are two kinds of vertigo- central and peripheral. Central vertigo is caused by a problem in the brain, while peripheral vertigo is caused by a problem in the inner ear or vestibular system. Below, doctors from an ENT clinic in Mukundapur, Kolkata have discussed the latter. Peripheral vertigo is caused by benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), Meniere's disease, or vestibular neuritis. BPPV is caused by small calcium crystals in the inner ear that break loose and float around in the fluid-filled canals. Meniere's disease refers to a disorder of the inner ear that can cause vertigo episodes, hearing loss, tinnitus, and fullness in the ear. Vestibular neuritis is an infection or inflammation of the vestibular nerve. Diagnosis of peripheral vertigo involves a few tests. The most common test used to diagnose BPPV is the Dix-Hallpike test. Meniere's disease is diagnosed based on a combination of symptoms, including vertigo, hearing loss, and tinnitus. Vestibular neuritis is diagnosed based on a patient's history and symptoms, as well as a physical exam. BPPV can be treated with Epley manoeuvre. Meniere's disease is treated with medication and changes in diet. Vestibular neuritis is treated with anti-inflammatory medications.